ABSTRACT
Purpose: To calculate the surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in MSICS through a superiorly placed straight scleral incision closed with a single, central, perpendicular 10?0 polyamide suture and to document any suture?related complaints and complications. Methods: A retrospective, hospital?based study was carried out in 50 cases of uncomplicated senile cataract (>50 year) with nuclear sclerosis ? grade 4, 搘ith the rule� astigmatism who underwent MSICS through a superior, straight incision with a single, central, perpendicular 10?0 nylon suture. Patients with 揳gainst the rule� astigmatism, keratoconus, pre?existing corneal opacity, astigmatism >2D, distorted or oblique mires, and previous ocular surgeries and unwilling to participate were excluded. Results: The mean age of the patients was 64.81 + 2.824 years, with a male: female ratio of 1.38:1. The mean SIA at day 7, week 6, and 12 weeks was 0.539 + 0.118, 0.529 + 0.134, and 0.524 + 0.129, respectively. Only 6 patients (12%) complained of foreign body sensation. No patient developed any suture?related complications. Conclusion: SIA is significantly reduced in straight incision by applying a single, central, and perpendicular 10?0 polyamide suture, as compared to a straight incision without a suture.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The study was conducted to calculate and compare the surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in chevron, frown, and straight incisions in manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS). Methods: A prospective, hospital-based study was conducted on 90 patients aged 50 years and above with nuclear sclerosis of grade 4 or more. Each group had 30 patients, divided into Group V (chevron incision), Group S (straight incision), and Group F (frown incision). Patients who had with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism were operated on through a chevron or straight incision superiorly, while patients who had against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism underwent MSICS through a temporal frown incision. The patients were followed up post-operatively on days 1, 7, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks, and at each visit, the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and SIA were calculated and compared. Results: The mean age of all the patients was 66.22 � 8.05 years. BCVA of at least 6/18 or better at 12 weeks post?operatively was achieved in 29 patients (97%) in Group V, 28 patients (93%) in Group F, and 29 patients (97%) in Group S. The mean SIA in Group V was 0.34D � 0.22D, in Group S was 0.97D � 0.29D, and in Group F was 0.575D � 0.25D. Conclusion: SIA by chevron incision is the least followed by the frown incision and straight incision. The superiorly placed chevron incision in WTR astigmatism provided optimal results for the best UCVA and minimal SIA. The temporal frown incision in ATR astigmatism also had good results.
ABSTRACT
Central corneal thickness (CCT) is an essential tool in the assessment and management of corneal disease. CCT has thus become very important for the interpretation of intraocular pressure and prerefractive procedure assessment; however little is known about its distribution within a population with wide range of refractive errors. Therefore the objective is to study the correlation of CCT with a broad range of refractive errors in rural population of Haryana. Methods: Prospective analysis of patients with refractive error presenting to the Ophthalmology outpatient services were included as cases. Age and sex matched emmetropic subjects were included as controls. Both cases and controls were undertaken for CCT measurements by ultrasonic pachymetry. Results: A total of 187 eyes as cases, 101 as controls. Among cases, 122 eyes myopic (Group- 1) (Mean CCT= 531.80±37.83 μ) and 65 hypermetropic (Group- 2) (Mean CCT=549.66±45.66 μ). The results shows that the central corneal thickness was decreased in the myopic eyes in comparison to the normal eyes which was statistically significantly (p=0.001). However in the hypermetropic group, no correlation was found between central corneal thickness and degree of hypermetropia. Conclusion: This study provides pilot data of CCT in different types of refractive errors in our set of rural population which helps us in understanding the variation of CCT with refractive errors.
ABSTRACT
Background: The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (India) is directed towards achieving universal health coverage among children by early detection of diseases. Under the scheme, children are screened at the level of schools and community and are thereafter referred to tertiary centre. The purpose of study was to identify common causes of ocular morbidity in children screened and referred through this national screening program. Methods: Retrospective analysis of records of all children who presented to our centre with ocular problems over a period of one year (2015) was undertaken. Clinical diagnosis was recorded on a seven point scale based on major anatomical involvement. An analysis of causes of visual impairment was undertaken with a special emphasis on avoidable and treatable causes. Results: A total of 851 subjects presented with ocular problems (mean age 9.5±4.9 years); of them 819 were classified into seven major clinical groups and subgroups. Most common clinical group was that of strabismus (59.9%), followed by refractive errors (16.9%), lids related disorders (6.2%), orbit and adnexal developmental defects (4.6%), lenticular (3.3%), corneal and conjunctival (3.2%) and retinal disorders (2.1%). A total of 49.7% cases had avoidable or treatable causes of visual impairment. Conclusion: A national program with capacity to screen and ensure appropriate referral facilities resulted in intervention in many cases with avoidable and treatable causes of visual impairment. A varied pattern of ocular morbidity was found among the referred cases; our study could provide a platform for a target oriented approach towards planning and implementation of such screening programs.